© Copyright 2005                    Foogle.Biz not a Website - A Day Out  

 

 IMMUNITY

HOLD MOUSE OVER IMAGE                                                         " LEARN  MORE,  BE MORE " 
 Last-Modified:  05/05/09 11:44        

IMMUNITY - The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies. Babies have passive immunity from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood through the placenta. Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen - bacteria that invade the body during an infection are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes -produced by the thymus, which produce cells with antibody bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection; B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibody into the blood. - Immune System - Immunization - Protective Skin - MRSA.     Foogle Business - AIDS - HIV - IMMUNE SYSTEMIMMUNITY - The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies. Babies have passive immunity from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood through the placenta. Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen - bacteria that invade the body during an infection are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes -produced by the thymus, which produce cells with antibody bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection; B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibody into the blood. - Immune System - Immunization - Protective Skin - MRSA.

www.foogle.biz
Immunity Is About Protection

Translate this page to most languages in the world.
Immunity is about protection

IMMUNITY - The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies.

Babies have passive immunity from some outside infections taken onboard from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood, through the placenta, and the mother's milk. So generally the infant's body takes on the protection against the same ailments that the mother is protected against, as they share the mother's blood in the womb and from early breast-feeding.

Diseases that the mother is not protected from, cannot be passed on to their offspring as they will not exist. Moreover, the baby in turn can give further protection to its own children, in the same way, but the protection gets weaker at each generation, unless the person comes into contact with that particular antigen, which then boosts the immune system against it.

 

Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen.

Bacteria or other microbes, and foreign mass that invade the body, during an infection, are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes, that are produced by the thymus producing cells with antibodies bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection.

 B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibodies into the blood.

IMMUNITY - The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies. Babies have passive immunity from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood through the placenta. Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen - bacteria that invade the body during an infection are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes -produced by the thymus, which produce cells with antibody bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection; B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibody into the blood. - Immune System - Immunization - Protective Skin - MRSA.

IMMUNE SYSTEM is the complex group of defence responses found in humans, and other superior vertebrates that help repel disease-causing organisms, namely - pathogens. Immunity from disease is actually conferred by two cooperating defence systems, called non-specific, inherent immunity and specific, acquired immunity.

Non-specific protective mechanisms repel all micro-organisms equally, while the specific immune responses are tailored to particular types of invaders.

Both systems work together to thwart organisms from entering and proliferating within the body. These immune mechanisms also help eliminate abnormal cells of the body that can develop into cancer.

IMMUNITY - The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies. Babies have passive immunity from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood through the placenta. Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen - bacteria that invade the body during an infection are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes -produced by the thymus, which produce cells with antibody bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection; B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibody into the blood. - Immune System - Immunization - Protective Skin - MRSA.

IMMUNIZATION is the production of immunity giving cells, by an injection containing antibodies against a specific disease, such as tetanus or diphtheria. These  provide temporary passive immunity, or by vaccination, which produces a longer lasting active immunity.

 

 
Boost Your Immunity
 

IMMUNITY

Inside almost every living creature, especially mammals there is a remarkable piece of protection machinery called the immune system.

We have not always had such a complex immune system. It has evolved over millions of years to defend us against millions of bacteria, microbes, viruses, toxins and parasites that can take residence within our bodily system, which might break through our initial defences, that is the skin, nose or mouth, and the Spleen.

If we are unprotected and we are in the main unprotected; we are perhaps only safely protected against less than 1% of the millions of bacteria, microbes, viruses, and toxins that lurk within our world.

So being unprotected may result in us suffering the consequences of many invasions.

 

To fully comprehend the power of outside forces, consider this, many thousands die every day on our planet, simply because they, and their immune system lost the battle for life.

To fully comprehend the power of the immune system, or the power of the microorganism, consider that once an animal dies and is left to Mother Nature, with its bodily functions soon ceasing to work, outside and internal bacteria and insects will invade the body unabated, and within twelve months the body will be almost fully decomposed, bar for the skeleton. The bacteria and maggots will feed on rotting flesh breaking it down, turning it into various chemicals and gases.

Such battles rage inside our bodies every day, we either win them, or lose our life.

Allergic people, however, become irregularly hypersensitive to certain antigens, and these are called allergens, so that whenever they are encountered after the first time, they irregularly stimulate not only the normal antibody reaction, but also the abnormal symptoms of the allergy, such as sneezing and skin rashes, and lastly Anaphylactic shock.?
 

Collectively, micro-organisms show remarkable diversity in their ability to produce complex substances from simple chemicals and to decompose complex materials to simple chemicals. An example of their synthetic ability is nitrogen fixation, the production of amino acids, proteins, and other organic nitrogen compounds from atmospheric nitrogen (N2). Certain bacteria and blue-green algae, the cyano-bacteria, are the only organisms capable of this ecologically vital process. An example of microbes' ability to decompose complex materials is shown by the white and brown rot fungi that decompose wood to simple compounds, including CO2.

Obviously then your immune system does a great job to keep all of that putrefaction from happening when you are alive. The immune system is therefore complex, intricate and fascinating.

SKIN in human anatomy, the covering, or integument, of the body's surface that both provides protection and receives sensory stimuli from the external environment. The skin consists of three layers of tissue: the epidermis, an outermost layer that contains the primary protective structure, the stratum corneum; the dermis, a fibrous layer that supports and strengthens the epidermis; and the subcutis, a subcutaneous layer of fat beneath the dermis that supplies nutrients to the other two layers and that cushions and insulates the body.

The epidermis is made up of living and nonliving layers. Its innermost layers, the basal and spinous layers, are alive, and they produce cells, called keratinocytes, that form the dead outer layer, the stratum corneum, also called the horny layer. Keratinocytes contain the tough, insoluble group of proteins known as keratins that also make up hair and nails. The horny layer forms as keratinocytes, which become thin, hard, and dehydrated and migrate upward to the surface of the epidermis. The basal layer also contains melanocytes, i.e., cells that produce the pigment melanin, which imparts color to the skin and also protects it from the effects of ultraviolet radiation. Other cells found in the epidermis include Langerhans cells, which play a role in the body's immune defenses, and Merkel cells, which are involved in sensory reception. Structures such as hair follicles, nails, and sweat and sebaceous oil-producing glands are appendages that develop from the epidermis and extend into the dermis.

The dermis takes up the greater part of human skin. It consists primarily of connective tissue through which an elaborate network of sensory nerves and blood vessels thread. The major component of dermal connective tissue is the extra cellular fibrous protein collagen, which provides strength to the skin and resists deformation and tearing under stress. Fibres of collagen are organized loosely in the papillary layer of the dermis, which is adjacent to the epidermis. In the reticular layer, beneath the papillary layer, the collagen fibres are denser and more branched. Another fibrous protein, elastin, which is more flexible than collagen, is found in the dermis; fibres of elastin help the skin return to its original form after it has been stretched. Elastin fibres in the papillary layer also help to anchor the epidermis to the dermis. Surrounding these fibrous bundles is an extra cellular gel like matrix called ground substance, which consists primarily of water, ions, and complex carbohydrates such as glycosaminoglycans that are often attached to proteins  -proteoglycans. Ground substance helps to hold the cells of the tissue together and allows oxygen and nutrients to diffuse through the tissue to cells. Three types of cells—fibrocytes, histiocytes, and mastocytes—are scattered throughout the dermis. Fibrocytes synthesize collagen, elastin, and ground substance. Histiocytes are a type of macrophage—i.e., cells that dispose of cellular debris and invading micro-organisms by engulfing and destroying them. Mastocytes, or mast cells, are located near blood vessels; they release substances that elicit such responses as fever, edema, and pain.

The subcutaneous fat layer consists chiefly of fat cells - lipocytes, arranged into collagen-bound lobules. This fat serves as a nutritional storage depot for the entire body, and it cushions the skin and insulates the body against temperature extremes.

 

The Spleen - Lymphoid organ located in the left side of the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm, the muscular partition between the abdomen and the chest. In man it is about the size of a fist and is well supplied with blood. As the lymph nodes are filters for the lymphatic circulation, the spleen is the primary filtering element for the blood.

The spleen is encased in a thick connective-tissue capsule. Inside, the mass of splenic tissue is of two types, the red pulp and the white pulp, which do not separate into regions but intermingle and are distributed throughout the spleen. The white pulp is lymphoid tissue that usually surrounds splenic blood vessels. The red pulp is a network of channels or sinuses,  filled with blood, and it is in the red pulp that most of the filtration occurs.

The white pulp of the spleen contains such typical lymphoid elements as plasma cells, lymphocytes, and lymphatic nodules, called follicles in the spleen. Like the lymph nodes, it reacts to microorganisms and other antigens that reach the bloodstream.

Phagocytic cells in both red and white pulp serve to remove foreign material from the blood and initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies. Germinal centres in the white pulp are sites of lymphocyte production.

The red pulp has a specialized role in addition to filtration. It is the body's major site of the destruction of red blood cells, which normally have a life span of only 120 days. Degenerate red cells are removed from the circulation in the spleen, and the haemoglobin that they contain is degraded to a readily extractable pigment and an iron molecule that is recycled; i.e., used to produce new haemoglobin elsewhere.

In some species the spleen also acts as a reservoir for blood during periods of inactivity. When such an animal is aroused for defense or flight, the capsule of the spleen contracts, forcing additional blood reserves into the circulation. The human spleen probably does not have this capability.

  

MRSA - Staphylococcus Aureus, a catalase-positive, gram-positive bacteria.
 

Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

June 1997

The publicized finding of a strain of Staphylococcus Aureus showing resistance, or reduced susceptibility to vancomycin has caused considerable concern, especially since the low level of the resistance means that such strains may be missed in routine laboratory anti-microbial susceptibility tests. Dr Keiichi Hiramatsu of Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan, who described the characteristics of the vancomycin-resistant strain, has provided a summary and a provisional method for detection available on EMC's web site for Anti-microbial Resistance. An account of his findings will be published in Journal of Anti-microbial Chemotherapy in July 1997. 

 
 

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)?

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus Aureus is a bacterial infection resistant to antibiotic Methicillin. Staphylococcus Aureus, sometimes referred to simply as "staf" or "staph A" is a common bacterium found on the skin of healthy people. If staph gets into the body it can cause a minor infection such as boils or pimples or serious infections such as pneumonia or blood infections.

MRSA - PLEASE NOTE THAT MRSA IS NOT A DISEASE. IT IS THE NAME OF A BACTERIA THAT WE NO LONGER HAVE AN ANTIBODY THAT CAN KILL IT. IF ALLOWED INTO THE BODY OF A MAMMAL, IT CAN BRING ON MANY PROBLEMS AND CONDITIONS. THESE CONDITIONS HAVE ALTERNATE NAMES AND SOMETIMES MRSA IS NOT EVEN MENTIONED. PREVIOUS TO THE MRSA STRAIN THESE CONDITIONS WERE CLEARED UP QUITE EASILY WITH PENICILLIN ETC. BUT NOT ANYMORE. READ ON!    MRSA
 

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus produces symptoms no different from any other type of Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria. The skin will appear red and inflamed around wound sites. Symptoms in serious cases may include fever, lethargy, and headache. MRSA can cause urinary tract infections, pneumonia, toxic shock syndrome, and even death.

The organism Staphylococcus Aureus is found on many individuals skin and seems to cause no major problems. However if it gets inside the body, for instance under the skin or into the lungs, it can cause important infections such as boils or pneumonia. Individuals who carry this organism are usually totally healthy, have no problems whatever and are considered simply to be carriers of the organism.

The term MRSA or Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus Aureus is used to describe those examples of this organism that are resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Methicillin was an antibiotic used many years ago to treat patients with Staphylococcus Aureus infections. It is now no longer used except as a means of identifying this particular type of antibiotic resistance.

Individuals can become carriers of MRSA in the same way that they can become a carrier of ordinary Staphylococcus Aureus which is by physical contact with the organism. If the organism is on the skin then it can be passed around by physical contact. If the organism is in the nose or is associated with the lungs rather than the skin then it may be passed around by droplet spread from the mouth and nose. We can find out if and where Staphylococcus Aureus is located on a patient by taking various samples, sending them to the laboratory and growing the organism. Tests done on any Staphylococcus Aureus grown from such specimens can then decide how sensitive the organisms is to antibiotics and if it is a Methicillin resistant (MRSA) organism. These test usually take 2-3 days.

 

Can MRSA be treated?

Yes. While MRSA is resistant to many antibiotics and can be difficult to treat there are a few antibiotics that can cure MRSA infections. Patients that are only colonized with MRSA usually do not require treatment.

 
 

Bacteria  - Microscopic single-celled organisms found wherever life is possible. Generally 0.0001–0.005 mm long, they may be spherical - coccus, rod like  - bacillus, or spiral-shaped - spirillum and often occur in chains or clusters of cells. True bacteria have a rigid cell wall, which may be surrounded by a slimy capsule, and they often have long whip-like flagella for locomotion and short hair-like pili used in a form of sexual reproduction. A few bacteria can use simple chemical substances, including carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, to manufacture their own nutrients, but most require a source of carbon derived from living organisms (i.e. organic carbon) plus other nutrients for growth. Some bacteria can reproduce every 15 minutes, leading to rapid population growth.

  IMMUNITY - The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies. Babies have passive immunity from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood through the placenta. Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen - bacteria that invade the body during an infection are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes -produced by the thymus, which produce cells with antibody bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection; B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibody into the blood. - Immune System - Immunization - Protective Skin - MRSA.

The most important role of bacteria is in decomposing dead plant and animal tissues and releasing their constituents to the soil (see carbon cycle). Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil or sea convert atmospheric nitrogen gas to nitrites and nitrates, which can then be used by plants (see nitrogen cycle). Cheese making and fermentation reactions depend on bacteria. Bacteria also play an important part in animal digestion, especially in ruminants. However, certain (pathogenic) species may cause disease while others, such as Salmonella, can cause food poisoning.

 
 

How Does Your Body Fight Infection?

Immunity   -  The resistance of the body to infection, especially resistance due to antibodies. Babies have passive immunity from antibodies transferred from the mother’s blood through the placenta. Active immunity involves the formation of antibodies after exposure to an antigen - bacteria that invade the body during an infection are antigens. The two different kinds of immune response produced by antibodies involve: white blood cells called T-lymphocytes - produced by the thymus, which produce cells with antibody properties bound to their surface and are responsible for such reactions as graft rejection; B-lymphocytes, which produce cells that release free antibody into the blood.

Leucocyte - lymphocytes - or white blood cell. A colorless cell found in large numbers in the blood. There are several kinds, all involved in the body’s defence mechanisms. Granulocytes and monocytes destroy and feed on bacteria and other micro-organisms that cause infection -  see also phagocyte. The lymphocytes are involved with the production of antibodies.

Phagocyte   -  A cell that engulfs and then digests particles from its surroundings: this process is called phagocytosis. In vertebrate animals, phagocytes are a type of white blood cell that protect the body by engulfing bacteria and other foreign particles.

Immunization is the production of immunity by an injection containing antibodies against specific diseases e.g. tetanus and diphtheria, which provides temporary passive immunity, or by vaccination, which produces the longer lasting active immunity.

Antibody   -  A protein produced by certain white blood cells  - lymphocytes that reacts with a particular foreign particle e.g. a bacterium,  that has entered the body. The antibody helps to destroy the foreign particle, known as the antigen. If the same bacteria invade the body in future, many more of the same antibodies are produced, enabling the body to destroy the bacteria very rapidly and so resist infection. This provides the basis of  immunity. Antibodies are also responsible for the rejection of foreign tissue or organ transplants. See also monoclonal antibody.

Monoclonal antibody  -  A type of pure antibody that can be produced artificially in large quantities and used, for example, to distinguish the major blood groups. Mouse lymphocytes producing the required antibody are fused with mouse cancer cells; the resulting hybrid cells multiply rapidly and all produce the same type of antibody as their parent lymphocytes.

Whilst all this bodily protection sounds wonderful, the problem with MRSA, is that there is no defense to it, no answer to its attack.

 

Blood cells

There are a number of different cell types in circulation in the blood stream. Here's a quick review:

Red cells carry oxygen to the cells of the body. They are essentially bags of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying molecule. Hemoglobin binds oxygen to iron atoms, which give the hemoglobin and thus the cells their distinctive red color.

ANTHRAX INFORMATION - Foogle Business
White cells (neutrophils) are of several types:

Polymorphonuclear cells, or "polys" for short, fight bacterial infections by engulfing bacteria and digesting them. They form PUS and are the chief ingredient of an abscess.

Lymphocytes are the virus killers. There are two types of these:

T-cells which remember what germs we've been exposed to and how to kill them. T-cells are the key component of the immune system that is missing in AIDS.

T-Cells and Platelets - One White Cell - Several Red.

B-cells that secrete the actual antibodies that attach to viruses and bacteria and identify them as things to be destroyed - rather like tagging the target with a laser so that the smart bomb will home in and blast the target.

Monocytes are cells that are related to lymphocytes but have a killing and cleaning function. They cruise through the tissues of the body cleaning up debris and killing any bacteria they find. They are often increased in viral infections - a reassuring finding that your doctor may note on your child's blood count.

Eosinophils are cells which are strongly related to allergy and the recognition of foreign things in the body like parasites.

Basophils are cells that are also part of the allergy and parasite recognition system.

Platelets are the cells that plug leaks in the vascular system, the clotting cells.

Prion - An an infectious protein particle called a Prion or Prion Protein. These Prions appear to have the ability to recruit other normal proteins and induce them to alter their structure to become more prions, that act as vehicles of infection. This is quite different from other infectious diseases, commonly caused by bacteria or viruses. Prions are not genetic. Prions are implicated in BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy or Mad Cow Disease) and its human counterpart nvCJD (new variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease). These and similar diseases are known as TSEs (Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies). TSEs afflict other species, most famously sheep (scrapie). The image above is 600 pixels across and the original is 3,548 pixels across.
 

Goji Berry  -  Wolfberry

Other names: Chinese Wolfberry, Lycium Fruit. Tibetan Goji Berry

The name Tibetan Goji Berry is used in the natural health food market. Berries from the Goji plant have been grown in the Himalaya region form the basis of a very large health food market.

Both kinds of Goji (Lycium barbarum and Lycium chinense) are deciduous woody perennial plants, grown in the south of China and tends to be somewhat shorter, while L. barbarum is grown in the north and tends to be taller.

Goji also grows on vines in the valleys of the Himalayas in Tibet, and in Mongolia. The round, red Goji berries are very tender and must be shaken from the vine rather than picked in order to avoid spoiling. The Goji fruits are preserved by slowly drying them in the shade, turning them into a Sultana like fruit. The berry has been eaten locally in the Himalayan and Tibetan regions for centuries and is celebrated in festivals. The Goji fruit is nicknamed the "happy berry" because of the sense of well being it is said to induce.

Goji berries are important in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM, where they are believed to enhance immune system function, help eyesight, protect the liver, boost sperm production, and improve circulation, among other effects. In TCM terms, Goji berries are sweet in taste and neutral in nature; they act on the liver, lung, and kidney channels and enrich yin.

They are nutritionally rich, containing beta-carotene, Vitamins C, B1, B2 and other vitamins, minerals, high antioxidants, and amino acids. Some claim the berries contain such nutrients as isoleucine, tryptophan, zinc, iron, copper, calcium, germanium, selenium, phosphorus, B6, and vitamin E.

Culinary uses: As a food, dried Goji Berries may be eaten raw or cooked. Dried Goji Berry is an ingredient often used in Chinese soups.

Feeling like you’ve over-indulged? Do you predict a diet? It’s a familiar refrain at this time of year: mince pies and mulled wine become memories, and many of us usher in a new era of healthy eating

This apparently amazing stuff tastes good as soup, or used as a marinade for meats or vegetables, tenderising and adding its delicate, salty flavour to the ingredients.

It’s hailed as a miracle-working foodstuff – rich in vitamins and nutrients and good at combating damage done by less healthy foods like fried meat and tobacco – it’s been hailed by some as effective against breast cancer and radiation sickness!

Most people in Japan eat the soup at least once a day.

Previous studies have suggested that soya-rich foods can help cut women's risk of developing breast cancer

Eating three or more bowls of the Japanese delicacy Miso soup every day could cut women's risk of developing breast cancer, researchers suggest.

Feeling like you’ve over-indulged? Do you predict a diet? It’s a familiar refrain at this time of year: mince pies and mulled wine become memories, and many of us usher in a new era of healthy eating

For centuries it was held that garlic is good for the blood, though some doubt has been cast upon whether or not this is true, but the aromatic ingredient has antiviral, antiseptic and antibiotic properties. The vital sulphuric compounds it contains make it an essential detoxifier. So it cannot do much harm, notwithstanding its great taste.

Part of the lily, or alium, family, of which onions are also a member, garlic is one of the most indispensible ingredients around, and plays a central role in Mediterranean and Asian cookery. A bulb composed of many individual cloves enclosed in a thin white, mauve or purple skin, it's quite fiery, pungent and crunchy when raw. As it cooks it becomes more mellow and creamy

Use dried garlic raw in dressings, salsas and butters; roast whole bulbs (25 minutes) or individual cloves (20 minutes) to serve with roast meat; fry (slowly, for just a couple of minutes) to use as the base for sauces, casseroles, soups. Roast fresh garlic (25 minutes).
OTHER INFO PAGES
The Official Joan Armatrading Website John Winston Lennon, an icon of idealism, creativity and hope, was born on October 9, 1940 to a dysfunctional, working-class Liverpool family. He was born during an air raid from the German Air Force, in WWII. So pleased that he and his mother had survived, they chose his second name as Winston, after the great war-leader Churchill. Click Here To Listen To A Fine Collection of Classic Pieces by Fine Classical Composers Questions about dogs, photos, pictures, pix, pup, puppies, canines, k9, resources, American Cocker Spaniel, Afghan Hound, Airedale Terrier, Alaskan Malamute, Australian Shepherd, Basenji, Basset Hound, Bearded Collie, Beagle, Bernese Mountain Dog, Bichon Frise, Border Collie, Border Terrier, Borzoi, Boston Terrier, Bouvier Des Flandres, Boxer, Boykin Spaniel, Brittany Spaniel, Bulldog, Bull Terrier, Cairn Terrier, Chihuahua, Chow Chow, Collie, Dachshund, Dalmatian, Doberman, English Cocker Spaniel, English Setter, English Springer Spaniel, Great Dane, German Shepherd Dog, German Short Hair Pointer, Golden Retriever, Great Pyrenees, Greyhound, Irish Setter, Irish Terrier, Jack Russell Terrier, King Charles Spaniel, Keeshond, Labrador Retriever, Lhasa Apso, Maltese, Mastiff - English, Munster Lander, Newfoundland, Norwegian Elkhound, Old English Sheepdog, Papillon, Pembroke Welsh Corgi, Pekingese, Pomeranian, Poodle, Pug, Rhodesian Ridgeback, Rottweiler, Saluki, Samoyed, Saint Bernard, Schnauzer, Scottish Terrier, Shar Pei, Shetland Sheepdog, Shih Tzu, Siberian Husky, Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Vizsla, Weimaraner, West Highland Terrier, Wire Fox Terrier, Wheaten Terrier, Whippet, Yorkshire Terrier. Lionel Ritchie TERMS - Terms and Conditions of ALL our Websites - PLEASE READ OUR TERMS .
NEW ICE-AGE BY 2080 - READ IT HERE ! ! MITES - Any of about 20,000 species of tiny arthropod invertebrates belonging to the subclass Acari - sometimes Acarina, or Acarida, of the class Arachnida. Mites live in varied habitats: in brackish water, in fresh water, in hot springs, in soil, on plants, and as parasites on and in animals. Parasitic forms may live in the nasal passages, lungs, stomach, or deeper body tissues of animals. Some mites are carriers of human and animal diseases. Plant-feeding mites cause damage by feeding on leaf tissues or by transmitting viral diseases. Mites are small, often microscopic in size—the smallest being about 0.1 mm (0.004 inch) in length and the largest being about 6 mm (0.25 inch)—and they usually have four pairs of legs. In general, they breathe by means of tracheae, or air tubes; in many species, however, respiration takes place through the skin ASTEROIDS - also called minor planet, or planetoid, any of a host of small rocky bodies, about 1,000 km or less in diameter, that orbit the Sun primarily between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. It is because of their small size and large numbers relative to the nine major planets that asteroids are also called minor planets. The two designations are frequently used interchangeably, though dynamicists, astronomers who study individual objects with dynamically interesting orbits or groups of objects with similar orbital characteristics, generally use the term minor planet, whereas those who study the physical properties of such objects usually refer to them as asteroids. ANTS - any member of the approximately 8,000 species of the insect family Formicidae - order Hymenoptera. Ants occur worldwide but are especially common in hot climates. All ants are social in habit; i.e., they live together in organized colonies, and they range in size from 2 to about 25 millimeters, about 0.08 to 1 inch. Their color is usually yellow, brown, red, or black. A few genera, e.g., Pheidole of North America, have a metallic luster. AIDS - Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome, a fatal transmissible disease of the immune system, caused by the Human Immuno-deficiency Virus - HIV. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome was allegedly first recognized in Zaire, in 1976. Three thousand acres of life-giving plants are still eaten away by some circumstance every hour of every day. That is FIVE ACRES at every sweep of this clock. - CAN YOU HELP? Greenhouse Effect - An effect occurring in the atmosphere because of the presence of certain gases - Greenhouse Gases - water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and nitrous oxide, that absorb infrared radiation. Short-Wave Light and ultraviolet radiation from the sun are able to penetrate the atmosphere and warm the earth’s surface. This energy is re-radiated as infrared radiation, which, because of its longer wavelength, is absorbed by such substances as carbon dioxide, instead of passing through. The overall effect is that the average temperature of the earth and its atmosphere is increasing - the so-called Global Warming or ultimately the Global Ending Syndrome.
Forest Land - Forest covered with trees and undergrowth. Over 20% of the Earth's land-surface is forest, providing valuable oxygen, timber, and habitats for wildlife. Northern coniferous forests consist largely of pine, spruce, and firs. The World is Starving - 50,000 people die every day due to the lack of food, drugs and medical care. Sahara desert Facts - The Sahara Desert is a great desert area, North Africa, the West portion of the broad belt of parched land that extends from the Atlantic Ocean eastward past the Red Sea to Iraq. The entire desert, the largest in the world, is about 1600 km wide and about 5000 km long from East to West. The Taliban - Persian Tālebān - Students. Also spelled Taleban. An ultra conservative political and religious faction that emerged in Afghanistan in the mid 1990s following the withdrawal of Soviet troops, the collapse of Afghanistan's communist regime, and the subsequent breakdown in civil order. The faction took its name from its membership, which consisted largely of students trained in Madrasah's Islamic religious schools, that were established for Afghan refugees in the1980s in northern Pakistan Lucifer - In Christian tradition, the leader of the angels expelled from heaven for rebelling against God. Known thereafter as Satan (Hebrew: adversary) or the Devil, he presides over the souls condemned to torment in Hell. He is identified with the serpent that tempted Eve (Genesis 3.1–6) and the great red dragon cast out of heaven by Michael (Revelation 12.3–9). The exact nature of Lucifer’s sin was much debated; the commonest view is that his sin was pride. TERMITES - any of the cellulose-eating social insects that constitute the order Isoptera. Cellulose in this case refers to wood. Termites have for millions of years been eating the majority of fallen trees, dead trees and rotting trees, from all around the world. It is said that the world would be totally covered in a ten meter pile of rotting timber, if it was not for the Termite.
SITE MAP OF FOOGLE BUSINESS - www.foogle.biz - What, Who, Where, When, Why, Which, Will, How, Do - Student information - Teacher Information - Parent Information - Research with Foogle. MRSA - PLEASE NOTE THAT MRSA IS NOT A DISEASE. IT IS THE NAME OF A BACTERIA THAT WE NO LONGER HAVE AN ANTIBODY THAT CAN KILL IT. IF ALLOWED INTO THE BODY OF A MAMMAL, IT CAN BRING ON MANY PROBLEMS AND CONDITIONS. THESE CONDITIONS HAVE ALTERNATE NAMES AND SOMETIMES MRSA IS NOT EVEN MENTIONED. PREVIOUS TO THE MRSA STRAIN THESE CONDITIONS WERE CLEARED UP QUITE EASILY WITH PENICILLIN ETC. BUT NOT ANYMORE. READ ON! He was born Samuel Leroy Jackson on the 21st of December, 1948, in Washington DC. His father left when he was very young, moving to Kansas City, Missouri, leaving Samuel to be raised by his mother, Elizabeth, and his grandparents, in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Granddad was a janitor, while Elizabeth worked in a factory (later she'd be a supply buyer for a state mental institution). Health Problems?? We have many pages on a variety of ailments. ALLERGIES - ANTHRAX - ATHLETES FOOT - MALARIA - MENINGITIS - MRSA - SMELLY FEET - ACNE John Lennon - The Beatles - Why Not Use SURF & LISTEN - Click On POP ! THE TAKERS TEST - Every minute of every day millions of people make a hot drink for themselves. Whether it is Tea, Coffee or Hot Chocolate, invariably the process needs WATER and some ENERGY source. Put up your hand, if you did not know this, and also that the planet's WATER and ENERGY sources are dwindling
CULVER CITY, CA May 19, 2005 – Topher Grace has joined the cast of Spider-Man® 3, it was announced by director Sam Raimi and producers Laura Ziskin and Marvel Studio's Avi Arad. Grace will join Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, James Franco, and Thomas Haden Church in the blockbuster franchise. Spider-Man 3 is scheduled for release on May 4, 2007, and will reunite returning cast members with director Sam Raimi and producers Ziskin and Arad, the successful filmmaking team responsible for the first two films. Fleas have been around for millions of years - a fossilized flea found in Australia is said to be 200 million years old. It does not differ significantly from today's fleas. Different species can be found from the Arctic Circle to the Arabian deserts - even penguins have fleas which counteract the cold by ensuring that their growth into adulthood coincides with the time when penguins are sitting firmly on their eggs, thereby keeping both fleas and their young in a warm environment! SMELLY FEET - Most of the body sweats to keep us cool, and help remove some waste products from the body. Every square cm of the sole of the foot and the palms of your hands have about over 500 sweat pores, totalling 250,000 little holes, that is more than other part of the body, even more that under the arm-pits. Hay fever An allergy to pollen, which leads to sneezing, a streaming nose, and inflamed eyes. Treatment involves taking antihistamines or, in severe cases, steroids. - ALLERGIES - hypersensitive reaction by the body to foreign substances - antigens, that in similar amounts and circumstances are harmless within the bodies of other people. World Trade Center - A complex of several buildings around a central plaza in New York City that in 2001 was the site of the deadliest terrorist attack in American history. The complex—located at the southwestern tip of Manhattan, near the shore of the Hudson River and a few blocks northwest of Wall Street—was built by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey as a central facility for businesses and government agencies involved in international trade. Until the 2001 attack, it was notable for its huge twin towers, each of which had 110 stories. The roof of One World Trade Center reached to 1,368 feet (417 meters), and Two World Trade Center was 1,362 feet (415 meters) tall. Designed by Minoru Yamasaki and officially opened in 1972, the towers were the world's tallest buildings until surpassed in 1973 by the Sears Tower in Chicago. (See Researcher's Note: Heights of Buildings.) Each of the twin towers had 97 passenger elevators, 21,800 windows, and roughly an acre (0.4 hectare) of rentable space per floor. An observation deck was situated on the 107th floor of the south tower (Two World Trade Center), and a television-broadcasting mast 360 feet (110 meters) high was attached to the north tower (One World Trade Center). Mosquito - A small flying biting insect that could be described as a type of Fly. It lives worldwide, especially in the tropics. It has long legs and a slender abdomen, Culex Forma. In most species the males feed on plant juices or nectar. The females puncture the skin with a long proboscis, to suck the blood of mammals, quite often transmitting serious diseases, including Malaria, Dengue Fever, Encephalitis and Yellow Fever. The mosquito is not strictly a parasite.
Asthma is not a new phenomenon, as its recent insurgence would suggest. - Asthma-like symptoms were first recorded around 3500 years ago in an Egyptian manuscript called the Ebers Papyrus. And a word with similar roots as Asthma was also seen in Homer's Iliad. The word comes from the Greek and means Labored Breathing. The word Asthma was first used to describe an illness 500 years later by the famous Greek physician, and father of Medicine, Hippocrates. The Romans also recorded this condition and used various remedies to try and cure it. ALL ABOUT BREEDING YOUR DOG - How To Breed Your Dog Huntington's Disease is due to a dominant and faulty genetic disorder on chromosome 4.  The consequence of the fault with this gene starts around or just before middle age,  and leads to a gradual physical, mental and emotional change in its victim. Huntington's Disease was named after the American, Dr. George Huntington, as in 1872 he was the first person to document an accurate description of the symptoms and the route of the disease. - The loss of these cells causes intense symptoms and eventually death. As the condition advances, it becomes more difficult for the patient to walk and speak. Memory and intellectual functions continue to decline, until the end. By far of the majority of patients are placed in hospices for special care. THE LOUSE - also called the Body Louse -Pediculus Humanus, one of the most common sucking lice, found wherever human beings live. There are two sub-species of the common human louse: Pediculus Humanus Capitis, the Head Louse, and P. Humanus Humanus, the body louse, or cootie. The body louse is an important carrier of epidemic typhus; other louse-borne human diseases are trench fever and relapsing fever CLONE - also spelled clon population of genetically identical cells or organisms that are derived originally from a single original cell or organism by asexual methods. Cloning is fundamental to most living things, since the body cells of plants and animals are clones ultimately derived from the mitosis of a single fertilized egg. More narrowly, a clone can be defined as an individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it. World Light - The Earth's Street Lights seen by a NASA satellite -
Meningitis is an infection of the clear plasma-like fluid of a person's spinal cord and the same fluid that surrounds the brain. Meningitis is sometimes referred to as Spinal Meningitis. Meningitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection; itis mean inflammation, so the infection causes an inflammation of these areas. The June Bug - Cotinus Nitida - Linnaeus - Really a Flying Beetle - " I'm coming to get you!! " - Cotinus Nitida - The June Bug, also called May Beetle, or July Bug - Any insect of the genus Phyllophaga, belonging to the widely distributed, plant-feeding subfamily Melolonthinae - family Scarabaeidae, order Coleoptera. These red-brown / green or even orange beetles commonly appear in the Northern Hemisphere during warm spring evenings and are attracted to lights. The heavy-bodied June beetles vary from 12 to 25 mm - 0.5 to 1 inch, and have shiny wing covers (elytra). They feed on foliage and flowers at night, sometimes causing considerable damage. June beetle larvae, called white grubs, are about 25 mm long and live in the soil. They can destroy crops, like, corn [maize], small grains, potatoes, strawberries, and they can kill lawns and pastures by severing the grasses from the roots. Health Problems?? We have many pages on a variety of ailments. ALLERGIES - ANTHRAX - ATHLETES FOOT - MALARIA - MENINGITIS - MRSA - SMELLY FEET - BEDBUG - Any member of the approximately 75 species of nocturnal insects of the family Cimicidae - order Heteroptera, that feed by sucking the blood of humans and other warm-blooded animals. The reddish brown, or mahogany adult is broad and flat. It is only 4 to 5 mm, less than 0.2 inch long. The greatly withered, scaly vestigial wings are inconspicuous and non-functioning. You know they are about, when you see you have mysterious bite marks - small red dots. You can also see small telltale black marks, on sheets and mattresses. Bedbugs also have a distinctive oily odor, that results from a secretion of scent from their stink glands. COCKROACHES - Dictyoptera - An order of insects comprising the cockroaches - suborder Blattaria) and the mantids - suborder Mantodea, occurring mainly in tropical regions. Cockroaches are oval and flattened in shape; some have a single well-developed pair of wings, folded back over the abdomen at rest, while in others the wings may be reduced or absent. They are usually found in forest litter, feeding on dead organic matter, but some species, e.g. the American cockroach - Periplaneta Americana, are major household pests, scavenging on starchy foods, fruits, etc. In most species the females produce capsules - the (oothecae containing 16 - 40 eggs. These are either deposited or carried by the female during incubation.
The human papilloma virus - HPV, causes several different types of warts, which are the most common type of skin infection. In some cases, the HPV virus dies within 1 or 2 years, and warts simply disappear. Verrucas, also called Warts, well-defined small growth of varying shape on the skin surface, caused by a virus. The wart is composed of an abnormal proliferation of cells of the epidermis; the overproduction of these cells is caused by the viral infection. The most common type of wart is a round, raised lesion having a dry and rough surface; flat or threadlike lesions are also seen. Warts are usually painless, except for those in pressure areas, such as the plantar warts, or Verrucas, that occur on the sole of the foot. They may occur as isolated lesions or grow profusely, especially in moist regions of the body surface. Clostridium Difficile, is now recognized as the chief cause of HAI - Diarrhea in the US and Europe, and not only in hospitals but also in nursing homes and other facilities for long term care. Initial recognition of this disease began in the 1970s, with reports of a serious, sometimes lethal colitis, characterized by the formation of pseudo-membranous plaques. The cause was identified as Clostridium Difficile in 1978.  Allergy - An abnormal reaction by the body to certain substances, including pollen, dust, certain foods and drugs, fur, moulds, etc. Normally all foreign substances (antigens) entering the body are destroyed by antibodies. Allergic people, however, become hypersensitive to certain antigens (called allergens), so that whenever they are encountered in future they stimulate not only the normal antibody reaction but also the abnormal symptoms of the allergy, such as sneezing and skin rashes. Allergic conditions include hay fever, some forms of asthma and dermatitis, and urticaria. Treatment includes the use of antihistamines and corticosteroids and desensitization. Athlete's Foot is a skin condition caused by a fungus, that typically occurs between the toes. This picture is the classic condition, and very common. It is also at a stage where it is being restrained, not cured, only by being kept reasonably clean. WE HAVE A CURE. PILES - Hemroids and their symptoms are one of the most common afflictions in the Western world. In fact, hemroids can occur at any age and can affect both women and men. Because the presence of hemorrhoidal tissue is normal - it acts as a compressible lining which allows the anus to close completely. Unfortunately, hemroids tend to get worse over time, and disease should be treated as soon as it occurs. TICK - A widely distributed parasitic arachnid - related to Spiders and Scorpions, that sucks the blood of mammals, reptiles and birds, and may transmit such diseases as Typhus, Lymes Disease and Relapsing Fever. Its round body can be as small as a millimeter, or up to 30 mm long, with eight bristly legs. After feeding, the adults drop off the host and lay eggs on the ground. The larvae attach themselves to a suitable victim, feed, then drop off and molt into nymphs, which repeat the procedure. They have been compared to being similar to the Mite. An insect is a six legged creature, but all of this sized organisms once came from the same ancestor.
MALARIA - A serious, acute and chronic relapsing infection in humans, characterized by periodic attacks of chills and fever, anemia, enlargement of the spleen - splenomegaly, and often fatal complications. Malaria also is found in apes, monkeys, rats, birds, and reptiles. It is caused by various species of protozoa, a one-celled organism - called Sporozoans, that belong to the genus Plasmodium. These parasites are transmitted to humans by the bite of various species of mosquitoes belonging to the genus Anopheles . Worms, some say, have been around in one form or shape for about 600 million years. We actually share some DNA with all worms. There are perhaps up to 35,000 different types of these legless invertebrates, that we call worms. Some scurry about on the surface of the land, some live just beneath, whilst others bury themselves deep into the Earth's surface. Many live in the sea, and some have been found deep down on the bottom. Some are so small you cannot see them with the naked-eye, others are so big, they could be snakes. An Earthworm can live for ten years, living and eating in our gardens. They have no eyes, or ears and never sleep. Pound for pound, as they are made of mostly muscle they can be 1,000 times stronger than the strongest man, so next time you call a person a worm, think. Elvis was born Jan. 8, 1935, in Tupelo, Miss., U.S. He died Aug. 16, 1977, in Memphis, Tenn. His name in full was Elvis Aaron Presley or more correctly, Elvis Aron Presley, the popular singer widely known as the King of Rock and Roll. He was one of rock music's most dominant performers from the mid-1950s until the present day and forever. Acne can affect people from ages 9 through to middle-age. Acne can show up as any of the following; congested pores, whiteheads, blackheads, pimples, pustules, or cysts - deep pimples, spots. These blemishes occur wherever there are many oil or sebaceous glands, mainly on the face, chest, and back. Acne is commonly referred to in slang as zits. LISTEN TO VIRGIN RADIO UK - CLICK HERE TRAINING YOUR BIG DOG - How To Train Your Big Dog
Funny animated avatar pictures Willie had been working the Esquire Ballroom, and afterwards was still so hyped up, he wrote CRAZY as a Floyd Tellman Special; it took him only 20 minutes.

  © Foogle Business 2000 - 2009          

 

    Learn More, Be More